Volcanic eruptions have a major impact on the global climate, which is often overlooked in discussions of natural disasters. When a volcano erupts, materials such as ash, sulfur dioxide gas, and dust particles are released into the atmosphere. These impacts can last from several months to several years, depending on the intensity of the eruption. One of the main impacts is changes in global temperature. Volcanic ash and sulfur dioxide can cause a cooling effect by creating clouds of particles that reflect sunlight back into space. For example, the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines in 1991 caused an average global temperature drop of almost 0.5 degrees Celsius over two years. This drop in temperature can affect weather patterns in distant parts of the world. Apart from that, volcanic gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) also play a role in climate change. Although the amount of CO2 released during an eruption is not as large as emissions from human activities, a large enough eruption can increase the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. As CO2 concentrations increase, the effectiveness of global warming may further increase, contributing to long-term climate change. The long-term impacts of volcanic eruptions also include changes in the hydrological cycle. Eruptions can disrupt precipitation patterns, causing more intense rain in some areas and drought in others. These processes can affect agriculture, water availability and local ecosystems, ultimately contributing to global climate change. Volcanoes also play a role in changing the composition of the atmosphere. The toxic gases produced can worsen air quality, causing health problems for residents living near the eruption area. Long term, these changes could influence species’ migration patterns and trigger the evolution of adaptations to a changing climate. The impact of volcanic eruptions is not only limited to the physical environment. Significant volcanic activity can affect the global economy. A decline in agricultural production due to climate change triggered by the eruption could lead to food inflation, where food prices rise due to supply shortages. This can trigger social instability in various countries. Historical data shows that large eruptions can have effects that last for years. When Mount Krakatoa erupted in 1883, the impact was enormous; The eruption caused a tsunami that resulted in the deaths of thousands of people, changed weather patterns around the world, and caused years without summer in some areas. In the context of increasingly urgent climate change, understanding the impact of volcanic eruptions on the global climate is becoming increasingly important. Researchers continue to explore the relationship between volcanic activity and climate change to improve climate models and more accurately forecast long-term impacts. Such data is key to future mitigation and adaptation.