Tensions between European countries continue to surface in various political, economic and social aspects. One important issue that is currently in the spotlight is the ongoing migration crisis. European countries such as Italy, Spain and France are facing a surge in refugees and migrants from conflict areas, especially from North Africa and the Middle East. The inability to reach agreement on the distribution of refugees has further exacerbated these tensions. On the other hand, relations between Europe and Russia are getting worse, especially regarding the conflict in Ukraine. European countries have united in implementing economic sanctions against Russia. These sanctions are felt by many sectors, from energy to trade. However, there are differing views among EU member states regarding the extent to which sanctions should be applied and their impact on their domestic economies. The emergence of populist voices in a number of European countries also adds to the dynamics of this tension. Political parties promoting an anti-EU agenda are gaining increasing support, causing divisions in society. For example, in Italy, right-wing parties continue to call for stricter immigration policies, while in Germany, there is increasing discussion regarding multiculturalism policies. The energy issue has also become a point of debate between European countries. The energy crisis, exacerbated by reduced gas supplies from Russia, creates an urgency to diversify energy sources. Some countries, such as Germany, are trying to switch to renewable energy, while others, such as Poland, are still dependent on coal. These tensions are exacerbated by differing climate policies, which create competition in investment and green technology. In an economic context, inflation that threatens stability in many European countries is triggering new tensions. Countries such as France and Spain are struggling to cope with the high cost of living, which has resulted in public protests. The decision to increase interest rates by the European Central Bank has also drawn criticism, with many countries feeling disadvantaged by policies that tend to favor economically stronger northern countries. This tension is also visible in defense matters. NATO, which is the security umbrella for European countries, faces new challenges in coordinating responses to external threats. The Baltic states, which are adjacent to Russia, are pushing for increased military presence, while Western European countries are likely to be more cautious in dealing with the situation. Political uncertainty within European Union member states further adds to the complexity of relations between countries. Approaching general elections in several countries have the potential to result in drastic policy changes, possibly affecting cooperation between countries on strategic issues. The tensions facing Europe today are a major challenge that needs to be addressed to maintain the stability and security of the continent. The climate crisis is also a major concern creating tensions at European level. Southern European countries are experiencing greater impacts from climate change, often being subjected to natural disasters such as forest fires and floods. Discussions about responsibility for mitigating climate impacts often bring up inequities between rich and poor countries.